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欲望的热力学
从熵增定律、多巴胺预测误差到亲密关系的耗散结构
The Thermodynamics of Desire: Entropy, Dopamine Prediction Error and Dissipative Structures in Human Bonds
DOI10.5281/zenodo.23682498摘要
热恋的兴奋为什么会消退，长久的关系为什么常常走向倦怠与内耗？本书把四类知识并排来读：热力学与信息论（玻尔兹曼熵 S = k_B ln Ω、香农熵、薛定谔的「以负熵为食」）、奖赏的神经科学（舒尔茨的多巴胺奖赏预测误差与时间差分学习）、自组织物理学（普里戈金的耗散结构、弗里斯顿的自由能原理），以及《道德经》与佛教关于「漏」的教法。全书的论点是：欲望与亲密是一种靠流维持的秩序，流入一停，秩序就向最可能的状态松弛；关键不在对抗熵增，而在弄清一段关系需要怎样的负熵流，又是什么让它漏掉。
全书八章：熵与注意力的香农熵；多巴胺预测误差与享乐适应；耗散结构与滞后崩塌模型；自由能原理与「安全买来新奇」的最优边界；可变比率奖赏如何以伪造的信息价值抽走注意力；新奇、意义与修复三股负熵流入及临界慢化；一套可在家执行的四周逆熵练习；以及一份比较「增加周末新奇」与「每晚堵住一小时屏幕漏出」的三组随机对照试验预注册方案。书中以标注框区分已发表的证据、可运行的 Python 推导（32 段，全部核对）、原典与作者的假说；凡物理与爱情之间只是类比的地方都直接说明，每个假说都写明什么结果会推翻它。本书不是心理治疗、婚恋咨询或医疗建议。
关键词：熵；香农熵；奖赏预测误差；享乐适应；耗散结构；自由能原理；临界慢化；亲密关系
Abstract
Why does the excitement of new love fade, and why do long relationships so often drift into weariness and friction? This book reads four bodies of knowledge side by side: thermodynamics and information theory (Boltzmann's entropy S = k_B ln Ω, Shannon's entropy, Schrödinger's organism that "feeds on negative entropy"), the neuroscience of reward (Schultz's dopamine reward prediction error and temporal-difference learning), the physics of self-organisation (Prigogine's dissipative structures and Friston's free-energy principle), and the teachings of the Daodejing and of Buddhism on "leaking" (āsrava). Its argument is that desire and intimacy are a form of order kept up by a flow: when the inflow stops, the order relaxes towards its most probable state. The task is not to fight the increase of entropy but to understand what flow a relationship needs and what makes it leak.
The eight chapters cover entropy and the Shannon entropy of attention; dopamine prediction error and hedonic adaptation; dissipative structures and a model of hysteresis and sudden collapse; the free-energy principle and the boundary at which safety makes novelty affordable; how variable-ratio rewards capture attention by offering counterfeit information; novelty, meaning and repair as the three inflows of a relationship, with critical slowing down as an early warning; a four-week programme any couple can follow at home; and a pre-registered three-arm randomised trial comparing weekend novelty with a nightly screen-free hour. Marked boxes separate published evidence, runnable Python calculations, classical texts and the author's hypotheses; wherever a comparison between physics and love is an analogy, the book says so, and every hypothesis states what result would refute it. The book is not therapy, relationship counselling or medical advice.
Keywords: entropy; Shannon entropy; reward prediction error; hedonic adaptation; dissipative structures; free-energy principle; critical slowing down; romantic relationships
目录 · Contents
- 序：爱为什么会冷却？English 中文Preface: Why Does Love Cool?
- 第一章 熵：为什么一切都会冷却English 中文Chapter 1. Entropy: Why Everything Cools
- 第二章 多巴胺预测误差：欲望的算术English 中文Chapter 2. Dopamine Prediction Error: The Arithmetic of Desire
- 第三章 耗散结构：活的秩序需要流English 中文Chapter 3. Dissipative Structures: Living Order Needs a Flow
- 第四章 自由能原理：既要安全又要新奇的心智English 中文Chapter 4. The Free-Energy Principle: A Mind That Wants Both Safety and Novelty
- 第五章 漏与不漏：注意力的能量账English 中文Chapter 5. Leaking and Not Leaking: An Energy Account of Attention
- 第六章 亲密关系的负熵流：新奇、意义与修复English 中文Chapter 6. The Negentropy Flow of a Relationship: Novelty, Meaning and Repair
- 第七章 练习：四周逆熵方案English 中文Chapter 7. Practice: A Four-Week Negentropy Programme
- 第八章 预注册研究方案 1.0English 中文Chapter 8. A Pre-Registered Study: Protocol 1.0
How to cite · 引用
Fan, Y. (2026). The Thermodynamics of Desire: Entropy, Dopamine Prediction Error and Dissipative Structures in Human Bonds [欲望的热力学] (Version 1.0.0). 5D Library. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23682498
BibTeX
@book{fan2026thermodynamics,
title = {{The Thermodynamics of Desire}: Entropy, Dopamine Prediction Error and Dissipative Structures in Human Bonds},
author = {Fan, Yafu},
year = {2026},
publisher = {5D Library},
edition = {Version 1.0.0},
doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23682498},
url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23682498},
note = {Chinese title: 欲望的热力学}
}
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23682498 |
|---|---|
| DOI（全部版本 all versions） | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23682497 |
| ORCID | https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3519-1203 |
| 5D Library ID | 5DL-B-004 |
| 版本 Version | 1.0.0 · 中英双语版 Bilingual edition |
| 出版日期 Date | 2026-10-27 |
| 网址 Online | https://5dlibrary.com/books/thermodynamics-of-desire/ |
| SHA-256 · thermodynamics-of-desire_bilingual_v1.0.0.pdf | 8d14d74ce7fede7377963b940522a65f8ca6262f8d231a51d54f86058583dd74 |
| SHA-256 · thermodynamics-of-desire_en_v1.0.0.pdf | f0f6d4176a48f1abeabda3994af47885160614c2b7317aa123a20aa3670f4904 |
| SHA-256 · thermodynamics-of-desire_zh_v1.0.0.pdf | 2f374ac4ab411d5bf914e91da280dce51699a3de0889bc705fbbc80db2f0bd3e |
| Licence · 许可 | Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
Disclosure. The author and the group that includes 5D Library run digital-commerce and vocal-education businesses (yafuglobal.com, asiainfluencerx.com, vocal.guru) and publish books on attention and perception, but do not offer relationship counselling, psychotherapy or paid courses on sex or relationships; every model and the pre-registered study protocol in this book are published openly for anyone to test.